ʻO ke kumu kumu kumu o ka mālamaʻana i ka wai o ka wai e wehe ai i nā polutunts mai ka wai ma waena o keʻano o ka wai no ka hanaʻana i ka wai wai ʻO ia ka mea nui i nā pae aʻe:

1 Hiki i kēia hana ke hōʻemi i ka kaumaha o ka hanaʻana ma hope a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ho'ōla.

2 Pēlā ka mālamaʻana i nā mea waiwai Ma ka komo houʻana i ka mālama umauma, ka holoiʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā meaʻono mai ka wai me nā nahena.

3. Hoʻohana pinepineʻia nā hana waiwai ʻO kēia mau microrganisms wāwahi i nā mea haumia i loko o nā mea hōʻeha e like me ka carbon dioxide, ka wai, a me nitrogen a me nitrogen ma nā kaʻina metabolic.

4.ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i kaʻenehana hana: Membrane hoʻopunipuni, e like me nā mea i loaʻaʻoleʻia

Ma ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i kēia mauʻenehana lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻokōʻia a me ka hoʻihoʻiʻana i ka hopena o ka wai me ka hanaʻana i ka mea hana wai.